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SMS ''Nassau'' was the first dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial German Navy, a response to the launching of the British battleship . ''Nassau'' was laid down on 22 July 1907 at the Kaiserliche Werft in Wilhelmshaven, and launched less than a year later on 7 March 1908, approximately 25 months after ''Dreadnought'' was launched. She was the lead ship of her class of four battleships, which included , , and . ''Nassau'' saw service in the North Sea in the beginning of World War I, in the II Division of the I Battle Squadron of the German High Seas Fleet. In August 1915, she entered the Baltic Sea and participated in the Battle of the Gulf of Riga, where she engaged the Russian battleship . Following her return to the North Sea, ''Nassau'' and her sister ships took part in the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916. During the battle, ''Nassau'' collided with the British destroyer . ''Nassau'' suffered a total of 11 killed and 16 injured during the engagement. After World War I, the bulk of the High Seas Fleet was interned in Scapa Flow. As they were the oldest German dreadnoughts, the ''Nassau''-class ships were for the time permitted to remain in German ports. After the German fleet was scuttled, ''Nassau'' and her three sisters were surrendered to the victorious powers as replacements for the sunken ships. ''Nassau'' was ceded to Japan in April 1920. With no use for the ship, Japan sold her to a British wrecking firm which then scrapped her in Dordrecht, Netherlands. == Construction == (詳細はKaiserliche Werft'' in Wilhelmshaven, under construction number 30. Construction work proceeded under absolute secrecy; detachments of soldiers were tasked with guarding the shipyard itself, as well as contractors that supplied building materials, such as Krupp. The ship was launched on 7 March 1908; she was christened by Princess Hilda of Nassau, and the ceremony was attended by Kaiser Wilhelm II and Prince Henry of the Netherlands, representing his wife's House of Orange-Nassau. Fitting out work was delayed significantly when a dockyard worker accidentally removed a blanking plate from a large pipe, which allowed a large amount of water to flood the ship. The ship did not have its watertight bulkheads installed, so the water spread throughout the ship and caused it to list to port and sink to the bottom of the dock. The ship had to be pumped dry and cleaned out, which proved to be a laborious task. The ship ultimately was completed by the end of September 1909. She was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet on 1 October 1909, and trials commenced immediately. , the ship that spurred ''Nassau''s construction, had been launched 2 February 1906, some 25 months before ''Nassau''. The ship cost the German navy 37,399,000 gold marks. ''Nassau'' was long, wide, and had a draft of . She displaced with a normal load, and fully laden. The ship had a crew of 40 officers and 968 enlisted men. ''Nassau'' retained three-shafted triple expansion engines with coal-fired boilers instead of more advanced turbine engines. Her propulsion system was rated at and provided a top speed of . She had a cruising radius of at a speed of . This type of machinery was chosen at the request of both Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz and the Navy's construction department; the latter stated in 1905 that the "use of turbines in heavy warships does not recommend itself." This decision was based solely on cost: at the time, Parsons held a monopoly on steam turbines and required a 1 million gold mark royalty fee for every turbine engine. German firms were not ready to begin production of turbines on a large scale until 1910. ''Nassau'' carried twelve guns in an unusual hexagonal configuration. Her secondary armament consisted of twelve and sixteen , all of which were mounted in casemates. The ship was also armed with six submerged torpedo tubes. One tube was mounted in the bow, another in the stern, and two on each broadside, on either ends of the torpedo bulkhead. The ship's belt armor was thick in the central portion of the hull, and the armored deck was thick. The main battery turrets had thick sides, and the conning tower was protected with of armor plating. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMS Nassau」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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